This webinar explains what capnography measures, the normal ETCO2 ranges for dogs and cats, and what each phase of the normal capnogram represents. It covers hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis in detail, including the many causes of a high ETCO2 under anaesthesia, from deep anaesthesia and hypoventilation to equipment faults and increased dead space.
It then works through scenarios on hypercapnia, rebreathing and hypocapnia, with how to recognise each on the waveform and the actions to take. It finishes with two waveforms nurses often see: harmless cardiac oscillations and oesophageal intubation.
Presented by Nicola Wilkinson at the 2021 ACVN Student Conference.
Includes the full recording (41 minutes), the presentation slides as a PDF, and a quiz. Pass the quiz to receive a certificate worth 1 AVNAT point.

